As conseqüências das deficiências nutricionais, associadas à imunossenescência, na saúde do idoso

Conteúdo do artigo principal

Guilherme Malafaia

Resumo

Atualmente tem-se registrado um aumento médio da expectativa de vida em diversos países, fazendo com que a prevalência de indivíduos idosos em relação aos indivíduos jovens, torne-se um quadro comum na população mundial. Entretanto, a longevidade está longe de significar um envelhecimento saudável. Das diversas funções do organismo afetadas pelo complexo processo do envelhecimento, o sistema imune em particular, sofre várias mudanças coletivamente chamadas de imunossenescência. Já as outras alterações observadas no idoso, em parte são condicionadas pelos processos inerentes ao envelhecimento, e outras influenciadas por fatores socioeconômicos, que levam a inúmeros distúrbios nutricionais. Desta forma, o presente trabalho, teve como objetivo apresentar as principais causas da má nutrição nos idosos, sintetizar os principais efeitos da idade na imunidade e, sobretudo, chamar a atenção para o fato de que a associação entre imunossenescência e as carências nutricionais, agrava ainda mais a saúde do idoso, tornando-o mais susceptível a doenças infecciosas. Para isso foram identificados e analisados 78 trabalhos publicados sobre o assunto entre os anos de 1969 e 2008, tendo como fontes principais para a pesquisa os bancos de dados LILACS -BIREME, MEDLINE - Index Medicus, SciELO e PubMed. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que na medida em que intervenções nutricionais específicas são introduzidas na população de idosos, os efeitos deletérios da imunossenescência podem ser minimizados.

Detalhes do artigo

Seção
Artigos de Revisão

Referências

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