Morfometria nuclear como técnica complementar na graduação citológica do carcinoma de mama

Conteúdo do artigo principal

Sandra Regina Bariani
Mizue Imoto Egami
Célia Regina de Souza Bezerra Sakano
Thiago Simão Gomes
Henrique Costa
Celina Tizuko Fujiyama Oshima

Resumo

Introdução: A análise morfométrica dos parâmetros nucleares, tamanho, forma e aspectos da cromatina, mostra-se útil para diagnosticar tumores malignos. O aspirado citológico coletado por agulha fina produz esfregaços suficientemente delgados para a determinação de dimensões nucleares facilmente. Objetivo: Comparar os aspectos morfométricos dos núcleos das células do aspirado proveniente de nódulos de mama. Método: Esfregaços do aspirado provenientes de 71 biópsias de nódulos de mama e determinados como benignos ou malignos, coletados por agulha fina, foram submetidos à coloração de Feulgen e as suas imagens digitais analisadas utilizando-se a Imagilab® 2,3 (Softium Informatica Ltda.), ambientado no sistema operacional WindowsTM 98 SE. Resultados: Dentre os nódulos estudados, 20 foram diagnosticados como benignos e 51 como malignos (8 GI, 23 GII e 20 GIII de acordo com o Sistema de Classificação de Guilford e Robinson). A análise morfométrica da coloração de Feulgen determinou um valor médio para os nódulos benignos de 101,6 e valor médio de 114,3 para os nódulos malignos, respectivamente. A análise morfométrica da coloração de Papanicolaou determinou um valor médio de 103,5 para GI, 131,7 para GII e 98,4 para GIII, respectivamente. Houve uma diferença estatisticamente significante entre o valor médio morfométrico de nódulos benignos e malignos e valor médio entre GI e GII, GII e GIII, mas não entre GI e GIII. Conclusões: A análise morfométrica nuclear dos aspirados de nódulo de mama é um método simples, confiável e complementar, que permitiu distinguir as lesões benignas das lesões malignas da mama.

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