Body image satisfaction in pregnant and non-pregnant woman
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: The body image is associated with the selfconcept with focus on appearance and body shape, understood as the mental representation of the body as a dynamic and unique process. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the perception of body image of pregnant women and compare them with a group of non-pregnant women. Methods: We used the Scale nine silhouettes. Study participants were 60 women divided into 4 groups with 15 participants each, with group 1, 2 and 3 with a gestational age of 16th, 26th and 36th weeks, respectively, counted from the date of last period and a group with non-pregnant women. Data was tabulated and analyzed in SPSS statistical program. Results: The majority of women participating in this study, in both groups believe that the ideal silhouette is slimmer than the current one. Body mass index (BMI) was different for all groups surveyed, indicating an increase in weight over the course of pregnancy. Thus, it was noticed that pregnant women have a unique way of observing the changes in their bodies according to gestational age in which they are and with previous experiences. Regarding the difference in body perception among pregnant and nonpregnant women there was no significant observed between the groups. Conclusion: There is a need to design up a research tool, representing pregnant women both in the anatomical position, as in the profile position in the different gestational weeks, for the visualization of body shape is more appropriate to the physical reality of pregnant women.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) that allows others to share and adapt the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.References
Bell R, Palma S. Antenatal exercise and birthweight. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;40(1):70-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2000.tb03171.x
Oliboni CM, Galletta MAK, Francisco RPV, Alvarenga MS. Adaptação transcultural da Escala de Atitudes em Relação ao Ganho de Peso na Gestação Cross-cultural adaptation of the Pregnancy and Weight Gain Attitude Scale. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2014;36(7):320-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/SO100-720320140004998
Goncalves CO, Campana NA, Tavares MC. Influência da atividade física na imagem corporal: uma revisão bibliográfica. Motri. 2012;8(2):70-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.8(2).716
Pelegrini A, Coqueiro RS, Beck CC, Ghedin KD, Lopes AS, Petroski EL. Dissatisfaction with body image among adolescent students: association with socio-demographic factors and nutritional status. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2014;19(4):1201-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014194.09092012
Clark A, Skouteris H, Wertheim EH, Paxton SJ, Milgrom J. The relationship between depression and body dissatisfaction across pregnancy and the postpartum: a prospective study. J Health Psychol. 2009;14(1):27-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105308097940
Szejer M, Stewart R. Nove meses na vida da mulher: uma abordagem psicanalítica da gravidez e do nascimento. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo; 1997. p.322.
Richardson P. Women’s experiences of body change during normal pregnancy. Matern Child Nurs J. 1990;19(2):93-111.
Baruffi H. Metodologia Científica. Manual para elaboração de monografias, dissertações, projetos e relatórios de pesquisas. Dourados: HB Edit; 1998.
Ribeiro JLD, Echeveste MÊS, Danilevicz AM de. A utilização do QFD na otimização de produtos, processos e serviços. Porto Alegre: FEEng/UFRGS; 2001.
Coqueiro RS, Borges LJ, Araújo VC, Pelegrini A, Barbosa AR. Medidas auto-referidas são validas para avaliação do estado nutricional brasileira? Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum. 2009;11(1):113-19.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Obesidade. Série A. Normas e Manuais Técnicos. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2006.
Stunkard AJ, Sorensen T, Schulsinger F. Use of the danish adoption register for the study of obesity and thinness. In: Kety SS, Rowland LP, Sidman RL, Matthysse, SW. The genetics of neurological and psychiatric disorders. New York: Raven Press; 1983. p. 115-20.
Drehmer M. Ganho de peso gestacional, desfechos adversos da gravidez e retenção de peso pós-parto. Tese (Doutorado) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2010.
Park S, Sappenfielg WM, Bish C, Salihu H, Goodman D, Bensyl D. Assessment of the Institute of Medicine recommendations for weight gain during pregnacy: Florida 2004-2007. Matern Child Health J. 2011;15(3):289-301.
Ghosh A. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics during pregnancy: a stydy from West Bengal India. Homo. 2012;63(3):233-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2012.03.003
Drehmer M, Duncan BB, Kac G, Schmidt MI. Association of second and third trimester weight gain in pregnancy whit maternal and fetal outcomes. PLos One. 2013;8(1):e54704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054704
Sui Z, Dodd JM. Exercise in obese pregnant women: positive impacts and current perceptions. Int J Womens Health. 2013;5:389-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S34042
Ko CW, Napolitano PG, Lee SP, Schulte SD, Ciol A, Beresford SA. Physical activity, maternal metabolic measures, and the incidence of gallbladder sludge or stones during pregnancy: a randomized trial. Am J Perinatol. 2014;31(1):39-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1334455
Passanha A, Martins APB, Silva ACF, Benécio MHD. Insatisfação com a imagem corporal no período pré-gestacional e fatores associados. Rev Psicol Saúde. 2013;5(2):92-101.
Nobre RN, Meireles AVP, Frota JT, Costa RMM, Coutinho VF, Garcia MMCM, et al. Comportamento alimentar e percepção da imagem corporal de gestantes atendidas em um ambulatório de alto risco. Rev Bras Promoção Saúde. 2014;27(2):256-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2014.p256
Sui Z, Turnbull D, Dodd J. Effect of body image on gestational weight gain in overweight and obese women. Women Birth. 2013;26(4):267-72.
Loth KA, Bauer KW, Wall M, Berge J, Neumark-Sztainer D. Body satisfaction during pregnancy. Body Image. 2011;8(3):297-300.