O efeito da substituição de comportamento sedentário por atividade física de diferentes intensidades na composição corporal: uma revisão sistemática
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Introdução: O modelo de substituição isotemporal (MSI) é uma abordagem estatística que estima os efeitos da substituição, em minutos, de um bloco de atividade física ou comportamento sedentário por outro bloco de intensidade diferente. Anteriormente, o MSI foi utilizado para avaliar o efeito de diferentes substituições isotemporais na composição corporal, contribuindo para o entendimento de suas mudanças relacionadas aos distintos estilos de vida e subsidiando futuras recomendações para sua manutenção ou aprimoramento. Objetivo: Revisar o efeito da substituição do comportamento sedentário pela atividade física na mudança da composição corporal analisada pelo MSI. Métodos: Artigos originais em inglês foram identificados por busca nas bases de dados PubMed e Periódico Capes. A última busca foi realizada por duas pesquisadoras até outubro de 2020. Resultados: Foram incluídos 17 artigos, que avaliaram diferentes aplicações do MSI relacionadas à alteração da composição corporal, obtida principalmente pelo IMC e gordura corporal. A atividade física foi avaliada majoritariamente por acelerometria. Diferenças metodológicas entre os estudos incluídos limitaram comparar os achados, incluindo perfil da amostra e pontos de corte para atividade física. Conclusão: Dentre os estudos que avaliam o efeito da substituição do comportamento sedentário por diferentes intensidades de atividade física por meio do ISM, a substituição do comportamento sedentário por atividade física moderada a intensa por, pelo menos cinco minutos, apresentou efeito mais consistente na alteração da composição corporal comparado a outras intensidades de atividade física.
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