Indicativo de sintomas depressivos entre idosos: um estudo longitudinal

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Lara Lacerda Soares Santos
Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira
Gianna Fiori Marchiori
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares

Resumo

Introdução: A sintomatologia depressiva pode afetar a qualidade de vida dos idosos. Logo, as mudanças nesta condição devem ser acompanhadas. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de mudanças do indicativo de sintomas depressivos entre idosos da comunidade e seus fatores associados, em um período de dois anos. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal realizado com 387 idosos de um município no Triângulo Mineiro. Os dados foram coletados no domicílio mediante a aplicação do Miniexame do Estado Mental; questionário estruturado elaborado pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em Saúde Coletiva; e Escalas de Lawton e Brody e de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada. Procederam-se as análises descritiva e regressão logística multinomial (p<0,05). Resultados: Após follow-up de dois anos, houve diminuição da prevalência de idosos com indicativo de sintomas depressivos (24,3%). Ademais, 20,2% dos idosos deixaram de ter indicativo de sintomas depressivos; 63,0% mantiveram a condição inicial e 16,8% foram novos casos. A autoavaliação da saúde positiva (p=0,003), independência funcional para as atividades instrumentais da vida diária (p=0,025) e o menor número de morbidades (p=0,002) foram preditores de melhora do indicativo de sintomas depressivos; enquanto, o aumento do número de morbidades (p=0,002) foi preditor para a presença desta condição. Conclusão: A ocorrência do indicativo de sintomas depressivos entre os idosos diminuiu ao longo do seguimento e a melhora desta condição esteve associada à autoavaliação da saúde positiva, independência funcional para as atividades instrumentais da vida diária e ao menor número de morbidades. Tais fatores devem ser considerados no planejamento de ações de saúde direcionadas à prevenção da sintomatologia depressiva em idosos.

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Santos, L. L. S., Oliveira, N. G. N., Marchiori, G. F., & Tavares, D. M. dos S. (2022). Indicativo de sintomas depressivos entre idosos: um estudo longitudinal. ABCS Health Sciences, 48, e023203. https://doi.org/10.7322/abcshs.2021028.1755
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