Identificação de novos biomarcadores com potencial prognóstico e diagnóstico para câncer gástrico: uma análise in silico

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Marcos Vinicius Rossetto
Fernanda Pessi de Abreu
Pedro Lenz Casa
Ivaine Tais Sauthier Sartor
Scheila de Avila e Silva

Resumo

Introdução: O câncer gástrico (GC) é reconhecido como o quinto tumor maligno mais diagnosticado e a terceira principal causa de mortes relacionadas ao câncer. Os pacientes normalmente são diagnosticados numa fase avançada da doença, tornando importante a investigação de biomarcadores. Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como finalidade identificar possíveis biomarcadores para o GC por meio da utilização de abordagens in silico. Métodos: Os conjuntos de dados foram extraídos dos repositórios Gene Expression Omnibus e The Cancer Genome Atlas Program. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos para identificar os genes diferencialmente expressos entre as amostras tumorais e não tumorais adjacentes. Posteriormente, os genes selecionados foram submetidos a uma ferramenta de desenvolvimento próprio para realizar análises de enriquecimento funcional, de sobrevida, de classificação histológica e molecular e dados de acompanhamento clínico. Além disso, uma análise de árvore de decisão também foi realizada. Resultado: No total, foram identificados 39 genes diferencialmente expressos, majoritariamente envolvidos na organização da estrutura extracelular, organização da matriz extracelular e angiogênese. Os genes SLC7A8, LY6E e SIDT2 apresentaram potencial como biomarcadores diagnósticos. Adicionalmente, as amostras tumorais apresentaram menor expressão de SLC7A8 e SIDT2, enquanto para LYE6 foi maior a expressão. O gene SIDT2 demonstrou um papel prognóstico potencial para o tipo difuso de GC, dada a maior taxa de sobrevida do paciente para menor expressão gênica. Conclusão: Nosso estudo elucida novos biomarcadores para GC que podem ter um papel importante na progressão tumoral. Contudo, são necessárias análises complementares in vitro para determinar a relação e influência desses potenciais biomarcadores com o GC.

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Rossetto, M. V., Abreu, F. P. de, Casa, P. L., Sartor, I. T. S., & Silva, S. de A. e. (2023). Identificação de novos biomarcadores com potencial prognóstico e diagnóstico para câncer gástrico: uma análise in silico . ABCS Health Sciences, 48, e023227. https://doi.org/10.7322/abcshs.2021108.1836
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