Treinamento funcional de alta intensidade com dieta adequada e hipocalórica com restrição de carboidratos promove perda de peso e redução do risco cardiometabólico
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Introdução: O excesso de peso corporal e suas comorbidades representam um grave problema de saúde pública. Intervenções pautadas em dieta associada a prática de exercício físico têm se mostrado úteis para a perda de peso e melhora da saúde global da população, incluindo a saúde cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de 12 semanas de dieta hipocalórica com restrição de carboidrato (CHO) associada ao Treinamento Funcional de Alta Intensidade (HIFT) na saúde cardiometabólica de adultos com sobrepeso. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado. Participaram 31 adultos com sobrepeso, divididos em dois grupos com base na intervenção dietética: CHO reduzido (R-CHO, ≤130g/dia; n=15) e CHO adequado (A-CHO, >130 g/dia; n=16). O risco cardiometabólico foi avaliado utilizando os parâmetros lipêmico, insulinêmico e glicêmico. Para avaliar os efeitos da intervenção foi aplicado ANOVA-two-way com post-hoc de Bonferroni, sendo considerado estatisticamente significativo valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Após 12 semanas de intervenção observou-se redução na concentração de LDL-c, VLDL-c, colesterol total e triacilglicerol, e do número de fatores de risco para doenças metabólicas, independente do grupo, e aumento do HDL-c, porém o resultado da análise intragrupo demonstrou que o aumento significativo do HDL-c foi observado apenas para o grupo A-CHO. Conclusão: As duas intervenções dietéticas se mostraram efetivas em promover a redução do risco cardiometabólico. No entanto, melhoras na concentração do HDL-c e na classificação final do risco cardiometabólico indicaram que a adequação do CHO da dieta parece ser uma melhor estratégia associada a restrição calórica e a prática de HIFT.
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