Trombose relacionada a cateter em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: um estudo de caso-controle

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Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho Valente
Júlia Gomes da Silva
Ana Paula Farias Savioli
Emilly Giuliane Ganéo
Cibele Wolf Lebrão
Gleise Aparecida Moraes Costa

Resumo

Introdução: A trombose relacionada ao cateter (TRC) é responsável pela maioria dos eventos trombóticos no neonato. Objetivo: Investigar a frequência da TRC, a associação com os dias de uso do cateter até o diagnóstico e o número de cateteres utilizados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal unicêntrico. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle que incluiu 14 casos e 42 controles. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2020 em uma UTIN pública. Foram calculadas razões de chances brutas (COR). O estudo respeitou os padrões éticos das diretrizes nacionais. Resultados: Duzentos e noventa e quatro neonatos utilizaram cateter venoso central, dos quais 14 (4,7%) foram diagnosticados com TRC. O cateter em uso no momento do diagnóstico foi o cateter central inserido centralmente em 8 (57,1%). Antes do diagnóstico, o tempo acumulado de uso do cateter foi de 34,5 dias e a mediana do número de cateteres utilizados foi de três. Um maior número de dias de uso do cateter >30 (COR 19,11; IC 95% 2,28-160,10; p=0,007) e número de cateteres utilizados >3 (COR 7,66; IC 95% 1,51-38,70; p=0,01). Conclusão: Os casos de TRC foram associados à gravidade clínica; número de cateteres e dias cumulativos de uso do cateter. Sugerimos que o rastreamento de trombose seja realizado em neonatos que necessitem de longo tempo de uso do cateter e mais de três cateteres. Reduzir a duração e o número de cateteres venosos usados ajudará a reduzir a TRC.

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Valente, C. O. S., Silva, J. G. da, Savioli, A. P. F., Ganéo, E. G., Lebrão, C. W., & Costa, G. A. M. (2024). Trombose relacionada a cateter em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: um estudo de caso-controle. ABCS Health Sciences. https://doi.org/10.7322/abcshs.2022079.2070
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