Dieta hiperlipídica e bebida à base de frutose estimula apoptose via proteína caspase 3 no hepatócito de ratos
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Introdução: A ingestão de uma dieta rica em gordura e frutose durante a infância pode levar à obesidade, esteatose hepática e inflamação na idade adulta. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos no metabolismo hepático da ingestão de dietas com vários níveis de gordura associados a bebidas de frutose durante a infância. Métodos: Ratos machos de 21 dias de idade foram divididos em grupos: Controle (C, 16,3% kcal de lipídios da dieta e água); Rico em gordura (HF, 45% kcal de lipídios da dieta e bebida de frutose); e muito rico em gordura (VHF, 60% kcal de lipídios da dieta e bebida de frutose). Após 10 semanas, sangue e fígado foram coletados para análises bioquímicas, histológicas, de perfil lipídico e Western blotting. Resultados: Os animais HF e VHF apresentaram maior índice de adiposidade, acúmulo hepático de lipídios e células inflamatórias, sugerindo que os tratamentos foram eficazes na indução de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica em sua forma inflamatória. O conteúdo hepático de caspase-3 clivada e a deposição de fibras de colágeno aumentaram no grupo HF. Conclusão: Em resumo, dietas ricas em lipídios combinadas com bebidas de frutose parecem promover o aumento do conteúdo de lipídios corporais e acúmulo de lipídios, inflamação, ativação de vias de sinalização apoptóticas e o início de um processo fibrótico no fígado na idade adulta.
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